Change-speed gearing.



UNITED STATES PATENT OPEICE'. l

WALTER R. PEARSON, OE DETROIT, IiIICPIIeAN,- AND CHARLES E. 7 ROBERTS,OE OAK PARK, ILLINOIS ASSIeNORS TOSTANDARD SCREW COMPANY, OE DETROIT,MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION4 OE NEW JERSEY.

CHANGE-SPEED"GmNGL' Specification of Letters Patent.

' Original application Eai May 0,1002, seiiaiNa.v 100,620. Divided andthis afppiicaiioaiiiea october 18,1904. serial No. 229.033.

i Tb @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be itknown vthat we,WALTER B. PEARSON, aresident of Detroit, Waynecounty, Michi-` gan,fand' CHARLES E. ROBERTS, a resident of Oak Park,Cook county, Illinois, citizens4 of thek United States, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Change-Speed Gearing, of whichthe following is a specification.

'This invention relates to change-speed gearing. x

l Thisv application is'filed as a division of an application heretoforefiled by us in the PatentiOffice on May 9, 1902, Serial No. 106,620, inwhich'a change-speed gearing of our inventionis shown and described, butisnot separately claimed. y

A primary object of the invention is toprovidel aY driving-gear forimparting rotationato af shaft, as the cam-shaft of a machine' for`making lmetal screws froml a"power-shaft`atv illustrated, Figure 1 is'a transverse vertical 'u sectional view of the Screw-machine which formsthe'subject-matter'of our Inain appli'- cation, Serial No. 106,620,showing a changespeed gearing of ourinvention appliedY for driving thecam-shaft of Vsaid machine; and, Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are enlarged detailviews of' certain parts shown in Fig. .f In the drawings, a change-speedgearing of I our invention is shown as appliedfor drivin the cameshaftof a machine for making meta screws, fully shown and' described insaidappli'cation, Serial No. 106,620, of which the` present application isya division and to'which reference is made as to features herein shown,but not fullyl described. Referring now -to the drawings, A designatesthe frame of the machine, revolubly mountedin'which is a shaft C, towhich rot'ation` is imparted from a shaft B,L mounted` in suitablebearings inthe machine-frame and which is driven'from any suitablesource of power byineans of a beltl (not shown)'ap plied to fast andloosepulleys 1 and2 thereon. f

connected intermediate gears or pinions 8 65 i and 9, revolubly mountedon a stud 10,- secured in the machine-frame, which respectively meshwith the gears 6 and' 7. The Vslow-driving train ofgears com risesrelatively small and large gears 11 lan 5 '12,secured 7o to theshafts Band D, respectively, and connected intermediate gears or pini'ons 13 and14, whichr are revolubly mounted on'a stud 15 and Whichrespectivelymesh'with' the gearsl 1 .and 12 on the shafts'B and D. Inthe prefer- 7 5able construction shown the Stud 415 is secured in a swinging arm 16,adjustably mounted on a suitablebearing' on the machineeframe andadapted to lb'e secured in any vdesired "angular adjustment thereon byla clamping'- 8o bolt A1.7. Provision .is thus mad'efor changing thegears 13 and 14 to vary the slow speed ofthe shaft- D." To provide fordriving'said shaft D at. different lrates'of speedfthegears 7 and 12.are normallyloo'se on ksaid shaftand 85 are adapted to be securedthereto by suitable. means, when desired. As shown, the gear 7 isadaptedto' be secured tosaid shaft D by Ameans of a, suitablefriction-clutch. The clutch shown in the drawings Vand designated 9o asa whole by the reference-letteI-IE coniprises asection 18, .mountedl soas to rotate freely on saidshaft D, a section 19, secured to said shaft,a split friction-ring20, adapted' to engage a suitable seatf orbearingon'thel loose 95 'clutch 'member 18,'a wedge 21, for expandtu ingsaid friction-ring into engagement with its seat or bearing'on saidloose clutchmember 18, a lever 22, pivoted upon the clutch memberv19aprojecti'on on said lever, prefroc erably consisting of a screwthreaded through a lug on said lever, adapted for forcing the wedge 21between the ends ofthe split frictionf ring 20 to expand saidfriction-ringinto enoperation of said clutch E.

.to maintain the same normally locked, and ,thus to secure the gear 7rigidly to the shaft lsleeve 23 is a peripheral groove 25, which is.bracket 28 on the machine-frame. .clutch-Eis maintained normally lockedby a .tached to a pin in the bracket 28 and to a .regulating the tensionof the spring 29, it is vspring 29 will maintain the clutch E normallyA. The fast-driving train of gears is designed '45 gagement with itsseat on said loose clutch j member 18 when the lever 22 is movedpivotally in the proper direction, and a sleeve 23, longitudinallymovable on the shaft D, to which the end of the lever 22 is connected bymeans of a link 24. Movement of the sleeve 23 longitudinally of saidshaft D will thus impart pivotal movement to the lever 22 to effectengagement and disengagement of the friction-ring 2O with its seat orbearing on the loose clutch member 18 in an obvious manner., The gear 7is rigidly secured to the loose clutch member 18 and will thus be lockedto or released from the shaft D by the A spring applied to the clutch Eoperates D and to maintain the fast-driving train normally in operativeengagement with said shaft. In the specific construction shown, saidclutch is controlled in the following man- .nerz Formed in the exteriorsurface of the engaged by pins 26, secured in the free ends oflever-arms 27, pivotally supported upon a The spring 29, the oppositeends of which are atlug or projection 31 on a rod 32, one end of whichis connected to the lever-arms 27 and the other end of which is fittedto and longitudinally movable in a suitable bearing in themachine-frame. In order to provide for connected to the projection 31 bymeans of an eyebolt 33, to which nuts 34 are threaded on opposite sidesof the projection 31. With this construction it is obvious that saidlocked and the fast-driving train normally in engagement with the shaftD.

and adapted to be disengaged from the shaft D at desired predeterminedintervals by suitable means. As shown, said means consist of what may becalled a triangular cam v35 on a stubshaft 36, revolubly mounted in asuitable bearing in the machine-frame. The cam 35 is located closelyadjacent to the end of the rod 32, its position being such that when theside of said cam is parallel to the end of said rod said rod will befree to move inwardly under the influence of the spring,29 to lock theclutch E in the manner heretofore described. The dimensions of the cam35 are such, however, that as said cam is rotated the corners thereofwill come into contact with the ends of said rods 32 and will operate tomove it outwardly against the force of the spring 29 to disengagetheclutch E, thus disengaging the fast-driving train of gears from theshaft D. As shown, lntermittent rotary movement is imparted to said camin the following manner: Secured to the shaft 36, which carries the cam35, is a starwheel 37, the teeth of which are in the path of travel ofprojections 38 on the drum 5, secured to the shaft C, the relation ofparts shown being such that each of said projections will rotate saidstar-wheel 37 through sixty degrees, or one-sixth 2,7) of a revolution.Starting with the cam in the initial position shown in Fig. 1 of thedrawings, it is obvious that rotation of the star-wheel 37 under theinfiuence of a projection 38 will rotate said cam sixty degrees and willbring a corner of said cam into engagement with the end of the rod 32,thereby disengaging the clutch E. To maintain the cam 35 in positionwith a corner thereof in contact with the rod 32, a notch 39 is formedin the end of said rod adapted to be engaged by the corners of said camwhen in proper position. Subsequent actuations of said cam 35 by theprojections 38 will operate in the manner described to effect alternateengagement and disengagements of the clutch E.

To provide for regulating the intermittent or step-by-step rotation ofthe star-wheel 37, and thus of the cam 35, the projections 38 on thedrum 5 are formed separate from said drum and are adjustablecircumferentially thereof. As shown, the inner ends of said projections38 are fitted to a circular shoulder 40, formed on said drum, and saidprojections are secured to said drum by means of bolts 41, which extendthrough a T-slot 42, formed therein. With this construction it isobvious that the intervals and duration of engagement and disengagementof said clutch relatively to the rotation of the shaft C may be variedby properly adjusting the projections 38 on the drum 5.

The gear 12 of the slow-driving train of gears is connected to the shaftD by means of pawls 43, pivoted upon studs 44, secured in said gear, andwhich are adapted to engage the teeth of a ratchet-wheel v45, keyed orotherwise rigidly secured to the shaft D. As shown, the pawls 43 areadapted to be moved pivotally upon the studs 44 to effect engagement anddisengagement thereof with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 45 by means ofteeth or projections 46 on a friction-ring 47, revolubly mounted on ahub or extension of said ratchet-wheel 45, which engage correspondingteeth or notches formed in the hubs of said pawls. As shown, also,frictional resistance to the rotation of the ring 47 is provided bymeans of a spring 48, inserted bctween the end of said ring and theadjacent face of the ratchet-wheel hub, which operates to force saidring outwardly into frictional engagement with a fiber washer 49, in-Serted between the outer end of said ring and a nut 50, threaded to theend of the shaft D. With this construction it is obvious that when theshaft D is rotating under the influ- IOO IlO

ence of 'the fast-driving train it will tend to rotate the friction ringor collar 47`faster `than the gear 12 of the slow-driving train, andwill thus throw the pawls 43 outwardly, so that they will not run overthe teeth of the ratchet-Wheel 45,1and will thus prevent all noise Vdueto this cause. When, however,the

fast-driving train is disengaged from the lIo shaft D, leaving saidshaft free to rotate 4under the influence of the slow-driving train,ythe shaft D will very soon lose its momentum and ywill rotate at aslower rate of speed than When said shaft VD rotates slower than thegear 12 the projections o n the friction-ring 47 will operate to throwthe pawls 43 'inwardly into engagement with theteeth of theratchet-wheel 45, thus causing said shaft rD to rotate with said gear12,

Stop-pins 51 limit the outward movement of the pawls 43. Provision isalso made for locking or securing the pawls 43 out of engagement withthe ratchet-wheel 45 when for any reason this may be desired, as whenfor Vanyreason it may be desired to turn the shaft `D backward. Asshown, said means consist ofpins 52, secured in said pawls, which areadapted to lbe forced outwardly to effect permanent disengagement ofsaid pawls from the teeth oflthe'ratchet-wheel 45by means of -aninclined surface or wedge on a sleeve53,

whichisiitted to andis longitudinally movable toward and fromsaidpawlson the eXtevriorsurface ofthe friction-ring 47 as a bear-` ing.The sleeve 53 is designed to be manuseat formd on said gear.

-ally operated as occasion may arise.

kIt is found in practice that when the shaft D is releasedfrom thefast-drivingtrain of -gears under the influence of which ity has beenjrotating its momentum causes it to make one or more revolutions at ahigher rate of vspeed than the slow-driving train. To prevent this andto cause the speed-of said shaft D to fall atonce to that oftheslow-driving train of ears, a brake is pro- `'tion shown said brakeconsists ofa ring 54,

whichis ittedto and is longitudinally movable on theshaft D toward andfrom the gear 12 and is provided with a tapered `surface adapted toengage a correspondingly-tapered Engagement and disengagement of saidtapered ring 54 with itsseat in the gear 12 is effected automatically bymovement of the sleeve 23, which controls the clutch E inthe followingmanyner: The shaft D is hollow and extending through the vsame is a rod55, to'which the `brake-ring 54 is secured by means of apin` 56,vwhich'passes throughan elongated slot or opening 57 in said shaft D.Loosely'fitted to a reducedportion of theshaft'D at the opposite side ofythe machine isa ring 58,

rod 55. Pivoted `upon said ring 58 are bellcrank levers 60, the longarms of which eX- tend into close roXimity to the sleeve 23 and areadapted to he forced outwardly by means of an inclined surface or wedge61 on said sleeve as said sleeve is moved to disengage the clutch E. Theopposite ends of the bellcrank levers 60v bear against a hardenedthrust-ring 62, which abuts against ashoul der on the shaft D in suchmanner that as the .bell-crank levers 60 are forced apart by the wedge61 on the sleeve 23 they will exert a strong pressure against saidthrust-ring 62, which will operate to force the ring 58 on the rod 55outwardly, and thus to exert a strong pull on said rod,`tending to drawthe brakering 54 into engagement with its seat on the gear 12, checkingthe shaft D in the desired manner. The nut 59 aHords convenient meansfor adjustin the strength of the engagement of the bra e-ring 54. Aspring 63, inserted between a collar 64, which bears against an interiorshoulder on the shaft D and a ring 65, pinned to the end of the rod 55,operates to disengage the brake-ring 54 from its seat in the gear 12 assoon as the bell-cranklevers 60 are releasedby the wedge 61, thusleaving vsaid shaft free to rotate under the influence of thefast-driving train and preventing any jar which might'otherwise becaused if said fast-driving train were thrown sired. As shown, saidmeans are as follows: .Pivoted between its ends upon the machinerame isa'lever 66, one end of which is adapted to bear against a projection 67on the rod 32 and to move said rod so as to disenin the proper directionis imparted to said lever 66. Pivoted to the opposite end of saidlever-66 is a rod 68, in which are formed` vnotches 69 and 7 O, adaptedto engage a catch 71 on the machine-frame, the relation of parts beingsuch that when the notch 69 is in engagement with the catch 71 the rod32 will be free to move to eect engagement and disengagement of theclutch E and of the brake 54, and when the, notch 70 is in engagement.with said catch 7l that said rod 32 will be moved outwardly to disengagesaid clutch E. To provide for disengagement of the brakering 54, whichwould otherwise belocked by the movement of the sleeve 23, caused by theoutward movement of the rod 32, a peripheral groove 72vis formed in saidsleeve, into which the ends of the bell-crank levers 60 will drop whenthe notch 70 in the rod 68 is in engagement with the catch 71, therelation of 6 5 which bears against a nut 59 ,i threaded to the partsbeing such that when the ends of the bell- .IOO

`gagejthe clutch E, when pivotal movement crank levers 6() are inengagement with said grooves 72 the rod 55 will be free to move underthe influence of the spring 63 to disengage the brake-ring 54 from thegear 12 in the desired manner. The throw of the cam 35 is such, however,that the rod 32 will be moved thereby only a sufficient distance tobring the ends of the bell-crank levers 6() into engagement with thesurface of the sleeve between the wedge 61 thereon and the groove 72,the diameter of said sleeve at this point being such as to separate theends of the bell-crank levers 6U a suflicient distance to effectengagement of the brake-ring 54 with its seat in the gear 12 in themanner heretofore dei scribed.

, members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections,means to effect engagement and disengagement of said driving connectionsand means for braking the driven member when the fast-driving connectionis disengaged.

3. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionsbetween said members, comprising relatively fast and slow drivingconnections, means to effect engagement and disengagement of saiddriving connections and means controlled by the disengagement of saidfastedriving connections for braking the driven member.

4. The combination with revoluble mem bers, of driving connectionsbetween said members, comprising relatively fast and slow drivingconnections, means for eiiiecting engagement and disengagement of theslowdriving connection, a clutch for effecting engagement anddisengagement of the fastdriving connection, means for operating saidclutch, a brake adapted to be applied to the driven member andconnections between said brake and clutch-operating mechanism wherebydisengaging said clutch will apply said brake. Y

5. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionsbetween said members comprising relatively fast and slow drivingconnections, the slow-driving connection comprising a ratchet-wheel andpawl and the fast driving connection comprising a clutch, a sleeve whichoperates said clutch, a

brake adapted to be applied to the driven member and connection betweensaid brake and clutch-operating sleeve whereby move* ment of said sleeveto disengage said clutch will apply said brake.

6. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionsbetween said members, comprising relatively fast and slow drivingconnections, the driven member being hollow, the slow-driving connectioncomprising a ratchet-wheel and pawl and the fast-driving connectioncomprising a clutch, a sleeve for operating said clutch, a rod whichextends through said hollow driven member, a brake-ring secured to saidrod which engages a suitable seat on said driven member, means to applysaid brake comprising a collar on said brake-rod, thrust-levers pivotedthereon which engage thrust-bearings on said driven member and a wedgeon said clutch-operating sleeve for operating said thrust-levers.

7. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionsbetween said members, comprising relatively fast and slow drivingconnections, means to eil'ect engagement and disengagement of saiddriving connections, means to brake the driven member when thefast-driving connection is thrown out of engagement and means to releasesaid brake when the fast-driving connection is thrown into engagement.

8. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionsbetween said members, comprising relatively fast and slow drivingconnections, the slow-driving connection comprising a ratchet-wheel andpawl and the fast-driving connection comprising a clutch, a sleeve foroperating said clutch, a brake adapted to be applied. to the drivenmember, connection between said clutchoperating sleeve and brake wherebymovement of said sleeve to disengage said clutch will apply said brakeand a spring applied lto said brake for releasing the same.

9. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionsbetween said members, comprising relatively fast and slow drivingconnections, the driven member being hollow, the slow-driving connectioncomprising a ratchet-wheel and pawl and the fast-driving connectioncomprising a clutch, a sleeve for operating said clutch, a rod whichextends through said hollow driven member, a brake-ring on said rodwhich engages a suit able seat on said driven member, means to applysaid brake comprising a collar on said brake-rod, thrust-levers pivotedthereon. which engage thrust-bearings on said driven member and a 'wedgeon said clutch-operating sleeve for operating said thrust-levers and aspring applied to said brake for releasing the same.

10. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionsbetween said IOO ITE

members, comprising relatively fast and slowl driving connections, meansto effect engagement and disengagement of saidy driving connections andmanually-operated means for securing said driving connections indisengaged positions; f

j 1 1. vThe combination with revoluble mem!v bers, of drivingconnections between said members, comprising relatively fast and slowdriving connections, the slow-driving connection comprisingaratchet-wheel and pawl and the fast-driving connection comprising aclutch, means to disengage said pawl from. Asaid ratchet-wheelcomprising a projection sleeve to operate said clutch, a hand-rodapplied to said sleeve for imparting movement` thereto, to disengagesaid clutch and means for securing said hand-rod in position to. dis`engage said clutch.

13. The combination with revoluble mem-' bers, of driving connectionsbetween said members, comprising relatively fast and slow drivingconnections, the driven member being hollow, the fast-driving connectioncomprising a clutch, means to effect engagement and disengagement of theslow-driving connection, a sleeve for operating the clutch ofl thefast-driving connection, means for imparting movement to said sleeve tooperate said clutch, means to secure said sleeve in position todisengage said clutch, a rod which extends through said drivenmembenabrake ring on said rod which engages a suitable seat on said drivenmember, means to apply said brake comprising a collar'on said brake-rod,thrust-levers pivoted thereon which engage thrust-bearings on saidAdriven member and a wedge on said clutch-operating sleeve for operatingsaid thrust-levers, vsaid sleeve being provided with a groove at adistance from said wedge to receive the ends of said thrust levers whensaid clutch is disengaged. j 14. The combination with revoluble members,of driving connections between said members, comprising relatively fastand slow driving connections, thel driven member being hollow, theslow-driving connection comprising a ratchet-Wheel and pawl, and the`fast-driving connection comprising a clutch, means to disengage saidpawl from said ratchet-wheel comprising a projection on said pawly and awedge for engagement therewith,

a sleeve for operating said clutch, means for imparting movement to saidsleeve to operate said clutch, means to secure said sleeve in positionyto disengagesaid clutch, a rod which extends through said drivenmember, a brakering secured to said rod which engages a suitable seat 0nsaid driven member, means to apply said brake comprising a .collar onsaid brake-rod, thrust-levers pivoted thereon which engagethrust-'bearingsv on said driven member and a wedge on saidclutch-operating sleeve for operating said thrust-levers,"

said sleeve being provided with a groove at a distance from said wedgeto receive the ends said clutch comprising a cam applied thereto,

a star-wheel secured to rotate rwith said cam, a driven member and aprojection or projections thereon which engage the teeth of saidstar-wheel.

16. The combination of revoluble members, driving connections betweensaid members, comprising relatively fast and slow driving connections,the fast-driving connec- -tion comprising a clutch, means for effectingengagement and disengagement of the slowdriving connection and means foroperating said clutch, said means comprising a spring IOO applied tosai'd clutch for maintaining the',

same normally locked, a cam for eecting intermittent disengagement ofsaid clutch and means to impart step-by-step rotation to said cam, saidmeans comprising a star-wheel secured to rotate with said cam, a drivenvshaft and a projection or projections thereon ywhich engage the teeth ofsaid star-wheel.

17. The combination with revoluble mem# bers, of drivingconnectionbetween said mem- IIO bers, Vsaid driving connectioncomprising a clutch, means to operate said clutch, comprising a camapplied thereto and means to impart step-by-step rotation to said cam,said-means comprising a star-wheel secured to rotatewith said cam, adriven shaft and a projection or projections on said driven shaft -whichengage the teeth of said star-wheel.'

18j The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionbetween said members, said driving connection comprising a clutch, aspring applied to said clutch for maintaining the same normally locked,Va cam applied'to said clutch for effecting intermittent disengagementthereof, and means to impart step-by-step rotation to said cam,

said meanscomprising a star-wheel secured to rotate with said cam, adriven shaft and a projection or projections on said driven shaft Whichengage the teeth of said star-wheel.

. member between said clutch and the movable member, a plurality ofoperating devices connected with said movable member,

a driven shaft for operating intermittently said movable member, lockingmeans intermediate of said movable member and said clutch controlled bysaid shaft for automatic- .ally locking said movable member at the endof successive rotary movements.

21. The combination of fast and slow driving mechanism with clutchmechanism, comprising a clutch, a movable member, and an intermediatemember between said clutch and movable member, a brake connected to saidclutch, a plurality of o erating devices connected with said mova lemember, a driven shaft for operatingintermittently said movable member,and locking mechanism for automatically locking said intermediate memberat the end of successive rotary movements of the movable member andafter said brake has been operated by said clutch, for the purposespecified.

22. The combination with revoluble members, of driving connectionslbetween said members including in clutch, an intermittently-rotatedmember, provided with a plurality of operating-faces for operating saidclutch, and intermediate faces for permitting movement of said. clutchindependent of said rotating member, for the purpose specified.

In testimony that We claim the foregoing as our invention we affix oursignatures, in presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 6th day ofOctober, A. D. 1904.

WALTER B. PEARSON. CHARLES E. ROBERTS.

Witnesses:

E. M. KLATGHER, K. A. CosTELLo.

